Solution section
Fairness
The conception of equal treatment, cost allocation and access embedded in the architecture.
Fairness
Within a bidding zone, participants are generally treated equally with respect to location in the wholesale settlement price.
This creates a particular conception of fairness:
However, participants can still impose very different network costs inside the same zone.
Zone boundaries themselves also create distributional consequences.
The architecture does not generally preserve historical service disadvantage as an explicit future priority.